METABOLIC ENGINEERING supply 2007)

SET :1
1. Explain the Jacob Monod model of induction and also regulation of the operon by CAMP. [16]
2. What do you understand by feed back regulation? Explain this with special reference to amino acid biosynthetic pathways. [16]
3. How can you overcome feed back regulation? Explain some strategies by which one can maximize the production of a metabolite of interest. [16]
4. Define primary and secondary metabolites. What is the difference between the two? Give examples for both of them. [16]
5. What are bioconversions? How are these important in synthesis? Explain with specific examples. [16]
6. Explain two of the following:(a) Cometabolism(b) Precursor effects in metabolite synthesis [16]
7. Discuss the different strain improvement methods that are currently being used. [16]
8. Write notes on:(a) Repression(b) Induction(c) Regulation of enzyme synthesis(d) Alteration in permeability. [16]
SET :2
1. Explain the operon concept using Lac and Trp operons as examples. [16]
2. What do you understand by membrane transport? Explain the different transport processes in detail. [16]
3. What is Feed back regulation? How can one overcome feedback regulation? [16]
4. Explain any two of the following:(a) Catabolite repression(b) Alteration in cell permeability(c) Cometabolism. [16]
5. Explain in detail the different strategies that can be adopted for maximizing the yields of secondary metabolite. [16]
6. Distinguish between primary and secondary metabolites. Give at least four examples each for each of them. 1[16]
7. What are the different methods used for strain improvement? [16]
8. Write notes on:(a) Gene dosage(b) Mixed or sequential bioconversions(c) Advantages of bioconversions(d) Isozymes. [16]
SET :3
1. Explain in detail the regulation of amino acid biosynthetic operons. [16]
2. Explain the following:(a) Passive diffusion(b) Active transport(c) Feed back regulation. [16]
3. What are primary and secondary metabolites. Distinguish between the two and give at least four examples for each type of metabolite. [16]
4. What are Bioconversions? What are the factors that effect bioconversions. Discuss its advantages over chemical synthesis. [16]
5. Write about the following in detail:(a) Mutations(b) Gene dosage. [16]
6. Comment on:(a) Importance of altering membrane permeability.(b) Isoenzymes and their role in regulation. [16]
7. What are the different strategies used for strain improvement? Discuss in detail [16]
8. Write short notes on:(a) Mutants resitant to repression(b) Induction(c) Catabolite repression.(d) Conversion of insoluble substances. [16]

SET :4
1. Explain in detail the Jacob Monod model of gene regulation by using the example of Lac and Trp operons. [16]
2. Explain the different modes of membrane transport. [16]
3. What are primary metabolites? How do you formulate different strategies for enhancing the production of primary metabolites.
4. What are secondary metabolites? Explain the phase during which it is synthesized and the methods. [16]
5. Discuss the factors influencing bioconversions. [16]
6. How can one improve the yields of a desired product by both genetic and fermentation methods. [16]
7. Write short notes on:(a) Bioconversion of insoluble products(b) Feed back inhibition. [16]
8. Comment on:(a) Catabolite repression(b) Gene dosage. [16]