MICROBIOLOGY supply 2k9

Code No: 43113 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
MICROBIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write the principle and method involved in AFB staining. [16]
2. Write about five kingdom classification of R.H.Whittaker. [16]
3. Describe the structure, composition and multiplication of HIV. [16]
4. Describe in detail the various steps involved in replication of lysogenic /temperate
phage with illustration. [16]
5. (a) Describe methods of cultivation of viruses.
(b) How do you quantify viruses? [8+8]
6. (a) Elaborate the differential media and discuss its role in the isolation of microor-
ganism.
(b) What is an enrichment media and how it is useful in culturing microorganisms.
[8+8]
7. Mention reasons behind gram positivity of bacteria. [16]
8. Explain Mycobacterium tuberculosis’s:
(a) Morphology
(b) Toxin production
(c) Pathogenicity
(d) Diagnosis [4×4]
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Code No: 43113 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
MICROBIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write about contributions of Louis Pasteur emphasizing on Biogenesis theory? [16]
2. Describe the structure of prokaryotic cell and relate it to its function. [16]
3. Define viruses and write about general properties of viruses? [16]
4. Describe and illustrate the different steps involved in replication of lytic phage.
[16]
5. (a) Describe the biological assay methods for animal viruses.
(b) Describe the methods involved in the identification of viruses. [8+8]
6. Write short notes on :
(a) Endospore forming bacteria.
(b) Nonspore forming bacteria. [8+8]
7. What are:
(a) Bacterial spores and
(b) Elaborate the spore staining technique. [8+8]
8. Write briefly on:
(a) Preparation of active immunization against Diphtheria.
(b) Passive and combined immunization against Diphtheria.
(c) Treatment for Diphtheria. [8+4+4]
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Code No: 43113 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
MICROBIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Ecplain different staining proceducres. [16]
2. Give the names and main distinguishing characteristics of the five kingdoms in
Whittaker‘s classification. [16]
3. What are viroids? How does a prion differ from virus? Write the pathogenicity of
prions? [16]
4. Explain the replication mechanism of TMV. [16]
5. Write about:
(a) Assay for bacterial viruses.
(b) Assay for animal viruses. [8+8]
6. (a) Discuss different types of solidifying agents and their uses in preparation of
media.
(b) How a suitable culture media is prepared for culturing the bacteria? [8+8]
7. (a) What are primary stock and working cultures?
(b) Explain about subculturing. [8+8]
8. Write briefly on:
(a) Pathogenicity
(b) Laboratory diagnosis
(c) Prophylaxis treatment for disease caused by Staphylococci bacteria. [8+4+4]
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Code No: 43113 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
MICROBIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Ecplain different staining proceducres. [16]
2. Compare and contrast between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell structures. [16]
3. Define viruses and write about general properties of viruses? [16]
4. Explain the replication mechanism of ds DNA lytic phage. [16]
5. Write notes on:
(a) In vivo virus cultivation
(b) In vitro virus cultivation. [8+8]
6. Write short notes on the following :
(a) Oxygen toxicity
(b) Anaerobic chambers and Anaerobic work stations. [8+8]
7. What are:
(a) Bacterial spores and
(b) Elaborate the spore staining technique. [8+8]
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Hepatitis-A viruses
(b) Hepatitis-B viruses. [8+8]
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GENETICS-supply2k9

Code No: 43112 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
GENETICS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What is law of segregation? Elucidate with respect to Tall and short nature of
plants. [16]
2. What is circular DNA? Explain its importance and occurrence. [16]
3. Describe the lysozenic pathway, bacteriophages and their uses in transduction ex-
periments? [16]
4. How the gene mapping is done with microbial eukaryotes? Explain with an example
of yeast. [16]
5. Explain the salient features involved in the identification of human chromosomes
in making a karyotype. [16]
6. How do you explain the inheritance of white-eye color and lethality in drosophila
with attached X chromosomes? [16]
7. What is sex influenced Dominance? Discuss its role in relation to male and female
hormones? [16]
8. Explain the differences between Mendelian and extra chromosomal inheritance.
[16]
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Code No: 43112 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
GENETICS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe Multiple alleles with a suitable example. [16]
2. How DNA is organized? Explain elaborately. [16]
3. What are the different stages of transformation? Explain the molecular mechanism
involved. [16]
4. How the mapping of genes can be carried out with tetrad analysis? Explain. [16]
5. Describe the cytological and genetic detection of translocations and what are their
consequences. [16]
6. What are sex chromosomes? How do organisms compensate for different number of
X chromosomes in the two sexes in homogametic males and homogametic females?
[16]
7. Discuss on Y chromosome and Sex determination in mammals with examples of
genes related to Y-chromosomes? [16]
8. Explain the possible origin of chloroplast and mitochondrial genome. [16]
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Code No: 43112 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
GENETICS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What is interaction? Describe the genetic interaction of taking an example of hen
comb. [16]
2. Describe the inverted repeats and secondary structure in single stranded nucleic
acid. [16]
3. What is the mechanism of bacterial conjugation? Explain. [16]
4. Describe the mapping of genes with molecular markers. [16]
5. Explain the aetiology of uniparental disomy with an example. [16]
6. How do hormones play their role in sex differentiation and development of secondary
sex characters? Give examples of some traits? [16]
7. Explain the mechanism of sex determination in humans? Elaborate on Homoga-
metic females and heterogametic males in humans? [16]
8. What is the phenotype of petite mutants and discuss the difference between neutral
and suppressive petites. [16]
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Code No: 43112 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
GENETICS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What are different types of Linkage? Explain in detail with a drosophila example.
[16]
2. Describe the replication of DNA in Eukaryotic organisms. [16]
3. Write an essay on Leiderberg experiments on Bacterial conjugation. [16]
4. Construct the linkage map for an X chromosome of Drosophila with illustrations.
[16]
5. Explain the aetiology of uniparental disomy with an example. [16]
6. Define the terms :
(a) Autosomes.
(b) Sex chromosomes
(c) Hemizygous
(d) Homozygous. [4×4]
7. Define Sex chromosomes? What kind of sex linked genes have been identified in
humans? [16]
8. Discuss the similarities and dissimilarities between nuclear inheritance and cyto-
plasmic inheritance. Illustrate your answer with examples. [16]
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CELL BIOLOGY-suply 2k9

Code No: 43111 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What is the general organization of a prokaryotic cell and explain functions of each
organalle or structure with in it. [16]
2. Write a brief account on :
(a) Cilia
(b) Flagella. [8+8]
3. Which organelle is called as the “power house of the cell”. Explain why? [16]
4. Explain the differences between active and passive transport giving suitable exam-
ples. [16]
5. (a) What are FtsZ proteins?
(b) Explain their role in the Binary fission in prokaryotes? [6+10]
6. (a) What are embryonic stem cells?Why are these cells called as totipotent cells?
(b) Explain the role of embryonic stem cells in repairing the defective tissues.
[8+8]
7. Describe the different kinds of intercellular signaling strategies Give a suitable ex-
ample for each strategy. [16]
8. Explain with an experimental strategy how transgenic mice can be used as a model
to uncover the function of cancer critical genes? [16]
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Code No: 43111 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Classify the cells based on cell complexity with respect to cell size, shape and
components. [16]
2. Write a short note on:
(a) Integral proteins
(b) Phospholipids
(c) Peripheral proteins
(d) Actin. [4×4]
3. Write about the organelle which can synthesise food material from Sunlight. [16]
4. Explain the differences between endocytosis and exocytosis and discuss their sig-
nificance in the cellular activity. [16]
5. (a) Explain the role of Mitogens in stimulating the cell division?
(b) What is the role of Growth factors and survival factors during cell division?
[10+6]
6. Explain with at least one suitable example that homologous proteins that play a
role in animal development function interchangeably in mice and flies? [16]
7. (a) What is action potential?
(b) Explain the mechanism, how electrical impulses lead to secretion of neuro-
transmitter? [4+12]
8. (a) Explain how microarray strategy could be used in detection of genes involved
in cancer progression?
(b) Name at least one gene that was identified by this approach in highly metasta-
tic cells? [13+3]
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Code No: 43111 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Name few instruments that are used to observe different types of cells. Which
instrument is now widely used to observe tiny cells. Give shapes of few existing
cells. [16]
2. Describe the role of microfilaments in cell motility. [16]
3. One organelle in the Eukaryotic cell has evolved from a prokaryotic cell that gained
entry by ‘endosymbiotic process’- Name the organelle and write about its functions.
[16]
4. Write about the methods of transport process driven by ATP. [16]
5. Explain how cell cycle control system depends on cyclical proteolysis? What is the
role of Ubiquitin in this process? [16]
6. Explain how changing patterns of cell adhesion molecules force cells into new
arrangement? [16]
7. “Different cells respond differently to the same extracellular signal molecule”- com-
ment on this statement with particular reference to the action of acetyl choline
signaling molecule. [16]
8. Explain how in a population of telomere deficient cells, the loss of p53 facilitates
the development of cancer? [16]
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Code No: 43111 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write in detail about the different functions of cells in the body. [16]
2. Briefly discuss the different types of intermediate filaments and their role in a cell.
[16]
3. Write short notes on
(a) Photosystem- II
(b) Chemi-osmotic theory
(c) Nuclear pore complex
(d) Chlorophyll. [4×4]
4. What is simple diffusion? Explain how it differs from active transport. [16]
5. Name the two cytoskeletal machines that operates in M-phase that ensures Mitosis
always precedes cytokinesis? [16]
6. Explain with at least one suitable example that homologous proteins that play a
role in animal development function interchangeably in mice and flies? [16]
7. Explain how signaling by phosphorylation and signaling by GTP-binding protein
acts as molecular switches in intra cellular signaling proteins? [16]
8. Explain in detail what is genetic instability? Explain the mechanism involved in
cancer cells that lead to genetically instability? [16]
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THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS-supply 2k9

Code No: 43110 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. With a neat sketch explain steps involved in theT,S diagram of a Carnot engine
and derive the equation to give the efficiency of the Carnot engine and mention the
disadvantages? [16]
2. Write short notes on:
(a) Elemental balance.
(b) Heat balance in substrate consumption. [8+8]
3. (a) What is the significance of Joules experiment in the formulation of the first
law of thermodynamics?
(b) What do you mean by cyclic process? State and explain the first law for
acyclic process. [8+8]
4. Estimate the consumption of 96 % NaCl and 93 % H2SO4 for the production of
500 kg of HCl if the conversion is 92 %. Estimate the amount of Na2SO4 produced
during the process. Make material balance after the reaction.
2 Nacl + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + 2HCl
The molecular weights are Nacl = 58.5; H2SO4 = 98; Na2SO4 =142; HCl = 36.5.
[16]
5. Consider the steady state, adiabatic, irreversible flow of an incompressible liquid
in a horizontal pipe of constant cross sectional area. Show that
(a) The velocity is constant
(b) The temperature increases in the direction of flow. [16]
6. The excess Gibbs energy of a particular ternary liquid mixture is represented by the
empirical expression with parameters A12, A13 and A23, functions of temperature
and pressure only GE
RT = A12x1x2 + A13x1x3 + A23x2x3. Determine the implied
expressions for ln γ1 , ln γ2 and ln γ3. [16]
7. What is reterograde condensation and explain P,T diagram in detail? [16]
8. Ethanol can be manufactured by the vapor phase hydration of ethylene according
to the reaction
C2H4 (g)+H2O (g)- - - - - - - - ->C2H5OH (g).
The feed is a gas mixture of 25mol % ethylene & 75mol% of steam.
Given
Go (Po=1bar) is 4570J/mol.
Calculate
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Code No: 43110 Set No. 1
(a) Equilibrium constant at 125oc.
(b) Equilibrium composition. [8+8]
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Code No: 43110 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. With a neat sketch explain steps involved in theT,S diagram of a Carnot engine
and derive the equation to give the efficiency of the Carnot engine and mention the
disadvantages? [16]
2. (a) Describe the inter relationship amongst the metabolism,energy and redox
processes.
(b) Explain the concept that “ATP is the energy shuttle” in the cell. [8+8]
3. Derive the equation

Ho =
H0
o + R
T
RTo

Co
p
R
dT. [16]
4. (a) Explain about intensive and extensive properties.
(b) Heat capacity of air can be approximately expressed as Cp = 26.693 + 7.365
× 10−3 T, Cp is in J/mole-oK and T is in oK. Determine heat given off by one
mole of air whe cooled at one atm pressure from 500 oC to - 100 oC. [8+8]
5. Show that CV = T 􀀀@S
@T
V and 􀀀@CV
@V
T = T @2P
@T2 V
[16]
6. (a) Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics.
(b) Discuss fugacity & fugacity coefficient for pure species. [8+8]
7. Explain the due point (P,T)and bubble point(P,T) calculations analytically? [16]
8. Derive the equations for phase rule and duhem theorem for reacting systems? [16]
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Code No: 43110 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write about the different types of refrigerants? Derive the coefficient of performance
of the Carnot refrigerator? [16]
2. (a) What are the limitations of first law of thermodynamics?
(b) Discuss about general statements of second law of thermodynamics.
(c) It is required to freeze 1 kg of water at 273 K by means of refrigeration machine
with the surroundings at 300 K. The latent heat of fusion at 273 K is 335 kJ/kg.
Determine
i. the minimum amount of work required.
ii. the heat given up to the surroundings. [4+4+8]
3. Write short notes on:
(a) Two forms of virial equation
(b) Ideal gas behavior
(c) mplied property relations for an ideal gas. [4+4+8]
4. With a neat sketch explain the working principle of CSTR. [16]
5. If one kmol of methane is stored in a 0.3m3 tank at 300K, estimate the pressure of
the gas using ideal gas law and Van der Waals equation of state.
Van der Waals equation of state parameters are:
a = 0.2303 Pa h m3
moli2
b = 43.06 × 10−6 m3
mol [16]
6. For ideal gas mixtures prove that
(a) V
ig
i = vig
i
(b) Pi
yiHig
i [16]
7. For LLE show that
1n

2

2 = 1n
1−x
1
1−x
1
[16]
8. Show that for a single reaction
yi = ni/n = nio+vi"
no+v" [16]
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Code No: 43110 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
THERMODYNAMICS FOR BIOTECHNOLOGISTS
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. From the residual property relations show that
HR
RT = −T R P
0 􀀀 @z
@T
p dp
p (constant T). [16]
2. (a) Describe the inter relationship amongst the metabolism,energy and redox
processes.
(b) Explain the concept that “ATP is the energy shuttle” in the cell. [8+8]
3. Develop a general energy balance equation for a system. What are different special
cases for bioprocess? Write energy balance equation for each case. [16]
4. Differentiate between Batch reactor and CSTR. [16]
5. Show that Gibb’s energy is the generating function for other thermodynamic prop-
erties. [16]
6. From the definition of chemical potential in terms of fugacity of a species i in
solution, show that
ln  ˆ fi
xiP  = R P
0 􀀀 ¯ Z − 1
dP
P at constant temperature and composition. [16]
7. With a neat diagram explain Txz diagram for ideal liquid solid solution? [16]
8. For a system in which the following reaction occurs
CH4 + H2O ! CO +3H2 Assume there are present initially 2 mol CH4, 1 mol
H2O, 1 mol CO and 4 mol H2. Determine expressions for the mol fractions yi as
functions of reaction co-ordinate? [16]
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