Code No: R05222301 Set No. 1
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about different component parts of a fermentation process. [4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process. [8]
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling. [2+6=8]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Discuss about the respiration chain and the electron transport along the respiratory
chain. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth. [8+8]
8. Discuss in details the product kinetics associated with growth with appropriate
examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 2
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8+8]
4. Derive the mathematical expression for Nutrient Quality Criterion (Q) in continu-
ous sterilisation and describe the graphical method to optimise temperature-time
regime. [16]
5. Determine coefficients a, b, c and d (where RQ=0.66) along with the biomass yield
coefficient and oxygen yield coefficient for aerobic degradation of benzoic acid by a
mixed culture of microorganisms as represented by the following overall reaction
C6H5COOH + aO2+bNH3−− ! cC5H7NO2+dH2O + eCO2 [16]
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics. [16]
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration.
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
[8+8]
8. Describe how the microbial products can be classified along with the equations.
[16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 3
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail different unit operations used in manufacture of enzymes. [16]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation. [16]
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature. [16]
5. Enumerate the difference in prediction of yield coefficients in anaerobic and anaer-
obic system with appropriate example. [16]
6. Explain the transfer of bioenery via ATP. [16]
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration.
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
[8+8]
8. Explain the optimum environmental conditions required for growth and product
formation. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 4
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about different commercial enzymes and its applications. [8+8]
2. In a fed batch culture operating with an intermittent addition of glucose solution,
values of the following parameters are given at time t =2hours, when the system is
at quasi steady state. Culture volume (V) = 1 litre Substrate concentration (S0) =
100 gm glucose / litre Limiting rate constant (KS) = 0.1 gm glucose / litre Initial
amount of biomass in the reactor (Xt
0) = 30 gm Nutrient feed flow rate (F) = dv/dt
= 200 ml/hour Maximum specific growth rate = 0.3 h−1 Yield coefficient (YM
x/s) =
0.5 gm cells / gm glucose
Determine:
(a) the initial culture of the medium (V0).
(b) Determine the concentration of the growth limiting substrate in the vessel at
quasi steady state.
(c) Determine the concentration and total amount of biomass in the vessel at t
=2 hour (at quasi steady state).
(d) If specific rate of product formation (qp) = 0.2 gm product/cells, P0= 0 deter-
mine the concentration of the product in the vessel at t=2 hour. [4+4+4+4]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process.
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination. [8+8]
5. Discuss the following in detail
(a) Stoichiometricallly limiting compounds
(b) Growth rate limiting medium. [8+8]
6. What are the major steps in aerobic metabolism of hydrocarbons? What are the
end products? [16]
7. Explain the difference between the aerobic and anaerobic growth. [16]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Showing posts with label BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I. Show all posts
Showing posts with label BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I. Show all posts
Sunday, November 23, 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-AUG 2K8
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write shorts notes on:
(a) Microbial biomass
(b) Microbial enzymes. [8+8]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation.
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation
(b) Degree of reduction of substrate and biomass. [8+8]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. Define the following:
(a) Maximum growth rate
(b) Yield on substrate
(c) Mass doubling time
(d) Specific growth rate [4+4+4+4]
8. Explain the following with respect to product formation
(a) Substrate inhibition
1 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
(b) Product inhibition. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Enumerate the difference in prediction of yield coefficients in anaerobic and anaer-
obic system with appropriate example. [16]
6. Briefly discuss the following:
(a) Energy capture efficiency
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation. [5+5+6]
7. Explain specific growth rate with relevant equations. [16]
8. Explain the following:
(a) Competitive product inhibition
(b) Non-competitive product inhibition. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain ade-
quate temperature control in a fermentor. [16]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures. [8+8]
7. Give short note on:
(a) Lag phase
(b) Logarithmic phase
(c) Stationary phase
(d) Death phase. [4+4+4+4]
8. Explain the optimum environmental conditions required for growth and product
formation. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) Explain the major components of a chemostat with the help of a diagram
giving the notations used in modeling and analysis.
(b) Explain CSTR with recycle using a schematic diagram.
(c) Describe ideal plug flow tubular reactor giving notations used for analysis and
modeling. [6+6+4]
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write shorts notes on:
(a) Microbial biomass
(b) Microbial enzymes. [8+8]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation.
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation
(b) Degree of reduction of substrate and biomass. [8+8]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. Define the following:
(a) Maximum growth rate
(b) Yield on substrate
(c) Mass doubling time
(d) Specific growth rate [4+4+4+4]
8. Explain the following with respect to product formation
(a) Substrate inhibition
1 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
(b) Product inhibition. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Enumerate the difference in prediction of yield coefficients in anaerobic and anaer-
obic system with appropriate example. [16]
6. Briefly discuss the following:
(a) Energy capture efficiency
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation. [5+5+6]
7. Explain specific growth rate with relevant equations. [16]
8. Explain the following:
(a) Competitive product inhibition
(b) Non-competitive product inhibition. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain ade-
quate temperature control in a fermentor. [16]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures. [8+8]
7. Give short note on:
(a) Lag phase
(b) Logarithmic phase
(c) Stationary phase
(d) Death phase. [4+4+4+4]
8. Explain the optimum environmental conditions required for growth and product
formation. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2008
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) Explain the major components of a chemostat with the help of a diagram
giving the notations used in modeling and analysis.
(b) Explain CSTR with recycle using a schematic diagram.
(c) Describe ideal plug flow tubular reactor giving notations used for analysis and
modeling. [6+6+4]
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-SUPPLY 2K7
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8+8]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation.
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Discuss the concept of Elemental Balances with example using simplified biological
conversion. [16]
6. Briefly specify major function of the TCA cycle. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. (a) Draw the schematic diagram of a typical continuous injector- flash cooler ster-
iliser.
(b) Draw the flow diagram of continuous strilisation system employing spiral heat
exchangers. [8+8]
5. Estimate the theoretical growth and product yield coefficients for ethanol fermen-
tation by S cerevisiae as described by the following reaction
C6H12O6
− − − − − − −− ! 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. Explain Monod model application in the bioprocess engineering along with
applications. [16]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition.
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What do you mean be fermentation and range of Fermentation process? [4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. What is meant by filter sterilization? Explain its application in media sterilization.
[4+12]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Medium formulation
(b) Yield factor. [8+8]
6. (a) Explain in detail the heat and energy in metabolic reactions.
(b) Give a brief note on Crabtree effect. [8+8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8+8]
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial fer-
mentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation
(b) Degree of reduction of substrate and biomass. [8+8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition.
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8+8]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation.
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Discuss the concept of Elemental Balances with example using simplified biological
conversion. [16]
6. Briefly specify major function of the TCA cycle. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. (a) Draw the schematic diagram of a typical continuous injector- flash cooler ster-
iliser.
(b) Draw the flow diagram of continuous strilisation system employing spiral heat
exchangers. [8+8]
5. Estimate the theoretical growth and product yield coefficients for ethanol fermen-
tation by S cerevisiae as described by the following reaction
C6H12O6
− − − − − − −− ! 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. Explain Monod model application in the bioprocess engineering along with
applications. [16]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition.
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What do you mean be fermentation and range of Fermentation process? [4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.[16]
4. What is meant by filter sterilization? Explain its application in media sterilization.
[4+12]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Medium formulation
(b) Yield factor. [8+8]
6. (a) Explain in detail the heat and energy in metabolic reactions.
(b) Give a brief note on Crabtree effect. [8+8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8+8]
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial fer-
mentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation
(b) Degree of reduction of substrate and biomass. [8+8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8+8]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition.
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8+8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-SUPPLY 2K7
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about Historical development of Bioprocess Technology.
[4+12]
2. After a batch fermentation, the system is dismantled and approximately 75% of
the cell mass is suspended in the liquid phase (2 litre), while 25% is attached
to the reactor walls and internals as a thick film. Work with radioactive tracers
shows that 50% of the target product (intracellular) is associated with each cell
fraction. The productivity of this reaction is 2 gm product per litre at the 2 litre
scale. What would be the productivity at 20,000 litre scale if both reactors had a
height-diameter ratio of 2 to 1. [16]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8+8]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation.
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Determine the concentration and total amount of glucose and (NH4)2SO4 in the
nutrient medium in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast
on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12 CO2
Final yeast concentration of 49 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures. [8+8]
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth kinet-
ics. [16]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about Chronological development of the fermentation industry.
[4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. A medium containing a vitamin is to be sterilized. Assume that the number of
spores initially present is 105/lit. The values of activation energy for the death of
the organism (E0d) and pre-Arrhenius constant for the spores are:
Pre-Arrhenius constant = 1 x 1036 min-1
E0d = 65 kcal/g-mol
For the inactivation of the vitamin, the values of
E0d = 10 kcals/g-mol
pre-Arrhenius constant = 1x 104 min−1
The initial concentration of the vitamin is 30 mg/lit. Compare the amount of active
vitamin in the sterilized medium for 10 litre and 10,000 litre fermenters when broth
is sterilized at 121oC when we require in both the cases that the probability of an
unsuccessful fermentation be 0.001. Ignore the effects of heat up and cool-down
periods. [16]
5. Enumerate the difference in prediction of yield coefficients in anaerobic and anaer-
obic system with appropriate example. [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. Enumerate various environmental conditions that effect the growth kinetics. [16]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write in detail about role of biotechnology in bioprocess Engineering. [4+12]
2. In a fed batch culture operating with an intermittent addition of glucose solution,
values of the following parameters are given at time t =2hours, when the system is
at quasi steady state. Culture volume (V) = 1 litre Substrate concentration (S0) =
100 gm glucose / litre Limiting rate constant (KS) = 0.1 gm glucose / litre Initial
amount of biomass in the reactor (Xt
0) = 30 gm Nutrient feed flow rate (F) = dv/dt
= 200 ml/hour Maximum specific growth rate = 0.3 h−1 Yield coefficient (YM
x/s) =
0.5 gm cells / gm glucose
Determine:
(a) the initial culture of the medium (V0).
(b) Determine the concentration of the growth limiting substrate in the vessel at
quasi steady state.
(c) Determine the concentration and total amount of biomass in the vessel at t
=2 hour (at quasi steady state).
(d) If specific rate of product formation (qp) = 0.2 gm product/cells, P0= 0 deter-
mine the concentration of the product in the vessel at t=2 hour. [4+4+4+4]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process.
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination. [8+8]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Enumerate the major difference in photosynthesis between microbes and plants.
[16]
7. Explain the role of following parameters on growth kinetics
(a) Temperature
(b) Dissolved Oxygen
(c) pH. [5+6+5]
1 of 2
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 3
8. Briefly discuss about the structured models for product formation and compare
with growth. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. A medium containing a vitamin is to be sterilized. Assume that the number of
spores initially present is 105/lit. The values of activation energy for the death of
the organism (E0d) and pre-Arrhenius constant for the spores are:
Pre-Arrhenius constant = 1 x 1036 min-1
E0d = 65 kcal/g-mol
For the inactivation of the vitamin, the values of
E0d = 10 kcals/g-mol
pre-Arrhenius constant = 1x 104 min−1
The initial concentration of the vitamin is 30 mg/lit. Compare the amount of active
vitamin in the sterilized medium for 10 litre and 10,000 litre fermenters when broth
is sterilized at 121oC when we require in both the cases that the probability of an
unsuccessful fermentation be 0.001. Ignore the effects of heat up and cool-down
periods. [16]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth. [8+8]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about Historical development of Bioprocess Technology.
[4+12]
2. After a batch fermentation, the system is dismantled and approximately 75% of
the cell mass is suspended in the liquid phase (2 litre), while 25% is attached
to the reactor walls and internals as a thick film. Work with radioactive tracers
shows that 50% of the target product (intracellular) is associated with each cell
fraction. The productivity of this reaction is 2 gm product per litre at the 2 litre
scale. What would be the productivity at 20,000 litre scale if both reactors had a
height-diameter ratio of 2 to 1. [16]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8+8]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation.
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8+8]
5. Determine the concentration and total amount of glucose and (NH4)2SO4 in the
nutrient medium in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast
on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12 CO2
Final yeast concentration of 49 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures. [8+8]
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth kinet-
ics. [16]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about Chronological development of the fermentation industry.
[4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. A medium containing a vitamin is to be sterilized. Assume that the number of
spores initially present is 105/lit. The values of activation energy for the death of
the organism (E0d) and pre-Arrhenius constant for the spores are:
Pre-Arrhenius constant = 1 x 1036 min-1
E0d = 65 kcal/g-mol
For the inactivation of the vitamin, the values of
E0d = 10 kcals/g-mol
pre-Arrhenius constant = 1x 104 min−1
The initial concentration of the vitamin is 30 mg/lit. Compare the amount of active
vitamin in the sterilized medium for 10 litre and 10,000 litre fermenters when broth
is sterilized at 121oC when we require in both the cases that the probability of an
unsuccessful fermentation be 0.001. Ignore the effects of heat up and cool-down
periods. [16]
5. Enumerate the difference in prediction of yield coefficients in anaerobic and anaer-
obic system with appropriate example. [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. Enumerate various environmental conditions that effect the growth kinetics. [16]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write in detail about role of biotechnology in bioprocess Engineering. [4+12]
2. In a fed batch culture operating with an intermittent addition of glucose solution,
values of the following parameters are given at time t =2hours, when the system is
at quasi steady state. Culture volume (V) = 1 litre Substrate concentration (S0) =
100 gm glucose / litre Limiting rate constant (KS) = 0.1 gm glucose / litre Initial
amount of biomass in the reactor (Xt
0) = 30 gm Nutrient feed flow rate (F) = dv/dt
= 200 ml/hour Maximum specific growth rate = 0.3 h−1 Yield coefficient (YM
x/s) =
0.5 gm cells / gm glucose
Determine:
(a) the initial culture of the medium (V0).
(b) Determine the concentration of the growth limiting substrate in the vessel at
quasi steady state.
(c) Determine the concentration and total amount of biomass in the vessel at t
=2 hour (at quasi steady state).
(d) If specific rate of product formation (qp) = 0.2 gm product/cells, P0= 0 deter-
mine the concentration of the product in the vessel at t=2 hour. [4+4+4+4]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process.
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination. [8+8]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Enumerate the major difference in photosynthesis between microbes and plants.
[16]
7. Explain the role of following parameters on growth kinetics
(a) Temperature
(b) Dissolved Oxygen
(c) pH. [5+6+5]
1 of 2
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 3
8. Briefly discuss about the structured models for product formation and compare
with growth. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
Code No: R05222301 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2007
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. [6+10]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. A medium containing a vitamin is to be sterilized. Assume that the number of
spores initially present is 105/lit. The values of activation energy for the death of
the organism (E0d) and pre-Arrhenius constant for the spores are:
Pre-Arrhenius constant = 1 x 1036 min-1
E0d = 65 kcal/g-mol
For the inactivation of the vitamin, the values of
E0d = 10 kcals/g-mol
pre-Arrhenius constant = 1x 104 min−1
The initial concentration of the vitamin is 30 mg/lit. Compare the amount of active
vitamin in the sterilized medium for 10 litre and 10,000 litre fermenters when broth
is sterilized at 121oC when we require in both the cases that the probability of an
unsuccessful fermentation be 0.001. Ignore the effects of heat up and cool-down
periods. [16]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP. [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth. [8+8]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-SUPPLY 2K6
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process. [8]
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination. [8]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the major function of the dark and light phases in photosynthesis.[16]
7. Explain the following:
(a) Oxygen uptake rate [5]
(b) Critical oxygen concentration [5]
(c) Specific rate of oxygen consumption. [6]
8. Discuss in details the product kinetics associated with growth with appropriate
examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write Notes on:
(a) Biosensors [8]
(b) Biopesticides. [8]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. (a) Describe the methods for sterilizing fermenters. [8]
(b) Explain the methods of sterilizing variety of additives administered during the
process of fermentation. [8]
5. Discuss the following in detail
(a) Stoichiometricallly limiting compounds [8]
(b) Growth rate limiting medium. [8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. Explain growth pattern and kinetics in a batch culture. [8+8]
8. Explain the following with respect to product formation
(a) Substrate inhibition [8]
(b) Product inhibition. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. (a) Describe the process of product formation with appropriate example. [8]
(b) Explain the maintenance coefficient with example. [8]
6. (a) Explain the thermodynamic efficiency of growth [8]
(b) Differentiate respiration and fermentation. [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition. [8]
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What do you mean be fermentation and range of Fermentation process? [4+12]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation. [16]
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process. [8]
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling. [2+6=8]
5. Determine the rate of oxygen consumption and yield coefficients if rate of growth
at exponential phase is rx = 0.7 gdw/l-h in a batch reactor of 5000 liters volume
with the growth of yeast on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3−− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 50 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration. [8]
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
[8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process. [8]
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination. [8]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the major function of the dark and light phases in photosynthesis.[16]
7. Explain the following:
(a) Oxygen uptake rate [5]
(b) Critical oxygen concentration [5]
(c) Specific rate of oxygen consumption. [6]
8. Discuss in details the product kinetics associated with growth with appropriate
examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write Notes on:
(a) Biosensors [8]
(b) Biopesticides. [8]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. (a) Describe the methods for sterilizing fermenters. [8]
(b) Explain the methods of sterilizing variety of additives administered during the
process of fermentation. [8]
5. Discuss the following in detail
(a) Stoichiometricallly limiting compounds [8]
(b) Growth rate limiting medium. [8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. Explain growth pattern and kinetics in a batch culture. [8+8]
8. Explain the following with respect to product formation
(a) Substrate inhibition [8]
(b) Product inhibition. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. Sodium Bicarbonate is used as carbon source for the commercial production of
a micro algae. A constant cell density is always maintained in the reactor by
harvesting the cells daily. The growth rate is measured regularly and an average
growth rate of 0.1 gm/lit (dry weight) is recorded daily. The total culture volume
is 1100 litres. Sodium bicarbonate is the only Carbon source and it is added daily.
Assume that the cells are 50% Carbon by weight. Calculate the quantity of Sodium
Bicarbonate to be added daily if the conversion efficiency is assumed to be 90%.
[16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. (a) Describe the process of product formation with appropriate example. [8]
(b) Explain the maintenance coefficient with example. [8]
6. (a) Explain the thermodynamic efficiency of growth [8]
(b) Differentiate respiration and fermentation. [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8]
8. (a) Differentiate between competitive product inhibition and non-competitive prod-
uct inhibition. [8]
(b) Explain the product inhibition on the product formation. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, Aug/Sep 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What do you mean be fermentation and range of Fermentation process? [4+12]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation. [16]
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process. [8]
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling. [2+6=8]
5. Determine the rate of oxygen consumption and yield coefficients if rate of growth
at exponential phase is rx = 0.7 gdw/l-h in a batch reactor of 5000 liters volume
with the growth of yeast on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3−− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 50 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration. [8]
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
[8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-REG 2K6
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation. [8]
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Medium formulation [8]
(b) Yield factor. [8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. Give short note on:
(a) Lag phase [4]
(b) Logarithmic phase [4]
(c) Stationary phase [4]
(d) Death phase. [4]
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition [8]
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. Explain the factors influencing the choice of carbon source. [16]
4. Derive the mathematical expression for Nutrient Quality Criterion (Q) in continu-
ous sterilisation and describe the graphical method to optimise temperature-time
regime. [16]
5. Discuss the following in detail
(a) Stoichiometricallly limiting compounds [8]
(b) Growth rate limiting medium. [8]
6. Briefly discuss the following:
(a) Energy capture efficiency [5]
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures [5]
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation. [6]
7. Give note on the following:
(a) Substrate limited growth [6]
(b) Unbalanced growth [5]
(c) Balanced Growth. [5]
8. Describe growth associated product formation with equation. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures [8]
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth. [8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write a short notes on:
(a) Transformation process [8]
(b) Microbial metabolites. [8]
2. In a fed batch culture operating with an intermittent addition of glucose solution,
values of the following parameters are given at time t =2hours, when the system is
at quasi steady state. Culture volume (V) = 1 litre Substrate concentration (S0) =
100 gm glucose / litre Limiting rate constant (KS) = 0.1 gm glucose / litre Initial
amount of biomass in the reactor (Xt
0) = 30 gm Nutrient feed flow rate (F) = dv/dt
= 200 ml/hour Maximum specific growth rate = 0.3 h−1 Yield coefficient (YM
x/s) =
0.5 gm cells / gm glucose
Determine:
(a) the initial culture of the medium (V0). [4]
(b) Determine the concentration of the growth limiting substrate in the vessel at
quasi steady state. [4]
(c) Determine the concentration and total amount of biomass in the vessel at t
=2 hour (at quasi steady state). [4]
(d) If specific rate of product formation (qp) = 0.2 gm product/cells, P0= 0 de-
termine the concentration of the product in the vessel at t=2 hour. [4]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature. [16]
5. Determine the degree of reductions for the substrate, bacteria, RQ and yield co-
efficients for aerobic degradation of an organic compound by a mixed culture of
organisms in wastewater as represented by the following reaction
C3H6O3+aO2+bNH3−− ! cC5H7NO2+dH2O + eCO2
Determine a, b, c, d and e, if YX/S = 0.4 g X/g S [16]
6. Differentiate the major function of the dark and light phases in photosynthesis.[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
[8]
1 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8]
8. Describe growth and non-growth associated products formation with equations.
[16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. (a) What are the major sources of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous in industrial
fermentation. [8]
(b) What are chelating agents? Explain their functions giving example. [2+6]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation. [8]
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Discuss the following:
(a) Medium formulation [8]
(b) Yield factor. [8]
6. Explain the synthesis of glucose from pyruvate. [16]
7. Give short note on:
(a) Lag phase [4]
(b) Logarithmic phase [4]
(c) Stationary phase [4]
(d) Death phase. [4]
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition [8]
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products. [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention different types of enzymes extracted from plant and their application.
[8+8]
2. (a) Briefly explain about the material of construction for fermentor fabrication.
[8]
(b) Explain different types of agitators used in fermentors. [8]
3. Explain the factors influencing the choice of carbon source. [16]
4. Derive the mathematical expression for Nutrient Quality Criterion (Q) in continu-
ous sterilisation and describe the graphical method to optimise temperature-time
regime. [16]
5. Discuss the following in detail
(a) Stoichiometricallly limiting compounds [8]
(b) Growth rate limiting medium. [8]
6. Briefly discuss the following:
(a) Energy capture efficiency [5]
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures [5]
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation. [6]
7. Give note on the following:
(a) Substrate limited growth [6]
(b) Unbalanced growth [5]
(c) Balanced Growth. [5]
8. Describe growth associated product formation with equation. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. Describe the design featurers of continuous sterilisation processes. [16]
5. Determine the yield coefficients (YX/SandYX/02) and total amount of oxygen re-
quired in a batch reactor of 10000 liters volume with the growth of yeast on glucose
as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3O2+0.48NH3− − − − −− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 47 gdw/l is required. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures [8]
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth. [8]
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with rel-
evant examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, Apr/May 2006
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write a short notes on:
(a) Transformation process [8]
(b) Microbial metabolites. [8]
2. In a fed batch culture operating with an intermittent addition of glucose solution,
values of the following parameters are given at time t =2hours, when the system is
at quasi steady state. Culture volume (V) = 1 litre Substrate concentration (S0) =
100 gm glucose / litre Limiting rate constant (KS) = 0.1 gm glucose / litre Initial
amount of biomass in the reactor (Xt
0) = 30 gm Nutrient feed flow rate (F) = dv/dt
= 200 ml/hour Maximum specific growth rate = 0.3 h−1 Yield coefficient (YM
x/s) =
0.5 gm cells / gm glucose
Determine:
(a) the initial culture of the medium (V0). [4]
(b) Determine the concentration of the growth limiting substrate in the vessel at
quasi steady state. [4]
(c) Determine the concentration and total amount of biomass in the vessel at t
=2 hour (at quasi steady state). [4]
(d) If specific rate of product formation (qp) = 0.2 gm product/cells, P0= 0 de-
termine the concentration of the product in the vessel at t=2 hour. [4]
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation. [8]
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation. [8]
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature. [16]
5. Determine the degree of reductions for the substrate, bacteria, RQ and yield co-
efficients for aerobic degradation of an organic compound by a mixed culture of
organisms in wastewater as represented by the following reaction
C3H6O3+aO2+bNH3−− ! cC5H7NO2+dH2O + eCO2
Determine a, b, c, d and e, if YX/S = 0.4 g X/g S [16]
6. Differentiate the major function of the dark and light phases in photosynthesis.[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example.
[8]
1 of 2
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems. [8]
8. Describe growth and non-growth associated products formation with equations.
[16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
2 of 2
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-SUPLY 2K5
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation. [8]
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Discuss in detail the stoichiometry of the product formation with an example [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Discuss in details the product kinetics associated with growth with appropriate
examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. (a) Describe the use of antifoam in industrial fermentation indicating the principle.
[8]
(b) Give examples of antifoam agents used in fermentation industry. [8]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation. [8]
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and product
formation. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism [8]
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Enumerate the difference between
(a) Substrate and product inhibition [8]
(b) Aerobic and anaerobic product formation [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation. [8]
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and product
formation. [16]
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics [16]
7. Explain the role of following parameters on growth kinetics
(a) Temperature [5]
(b) Dissolved Oxygen [6]
(c) pH [5]
8. Explain the optimum environmental conditions required for growth and product
formation [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about microbial metabolites. 16 [4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial fer-
mentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. What is meant by solid state fermentation? Explain the industrial application of
solid state fermentation indicating the microorganisms, substrates and products.
[6+10]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) Explain reactions involved that lead to loss of nutrient quality during sterili-
sation. [8]
(b) Describe methods of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Discuss in detail the stoichiometry of the product formation with an example [16]
6. Explain the following:
(a) Control sites in metabolism [8]
(b) Transfer of bioenergy via ATP [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Discuss in details the product kinetics associated with growth with appropriate
examples. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 2
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is meant by immobilisation of cells? What are the advantages of immo-
bilised cell culture over suspension cell culture? [2+4]
(b) What is active immobilisation? Explain various matrices used for active
immobilisation. [2+4]
(c) Describe the methods employed for active cell immobilisation. [4]
3. (a) Describe the use of antifoam in industrial fermentation indicating the principle.
[8]
(b) Give examples of antifoam agents used in fermentation industry. [8]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation. [8]
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and product
formation. [16]
6. (a) Discuss the role of control sites in aerobic glucose metabolism [8]
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures [8]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Enumerate the difference between
(a) Substrate and product inhibition [8]
(b) Aerobic and anaerobic product formation [8]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 3
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses. 16 [6+10]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
[16]
4. (a) What are the advantages of continuous sterilisation. [8]
(b) What are the advantages of batch sterilisation. [8]
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and product
formation. [16]
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics [16]
7. Explain the role of following parameters on growth kinetics
(a) Temperature [5]
(b) Dissolved Oxygen [6]
(c) pH [5]
8. Explain the optimum environmental conditions required for growth and product
formation [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No. 4
II B.Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations,
November/December 2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Discuss in detail about microbial metabolites. 16 [4+12]
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment? [4]
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process. [4]
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors. [2+6]
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial fer-
mentation. [16]
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical expression
for specific death rate. [16]
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product forma-
tion. [16]
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on energetics.
[16]
7. (a) Enumerate the principle involved in the microbial growth taking an example
[8]
(b) Differentiate between the growth in the batch and continuos systems [8]
8. Explain the concept of product formation in bioprocess engineering with appropri-
ate examples [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-REG 2K5
Code No: RR222302 Set No.1
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Discuss in detail about various microorganisms used as biopesticides
2. After a batch fermentation, the system is dismantled and approximately 75% of
the cell mass is suspended in the liquid phase (2 litre), while 25% is attached
to the reactor walls and internals as a thick film. Work with radioactive tracers
shows that 50% of the target product (intracellular) is associated with each cell
fraction. The productivity of this reaction is 2 gm product per litre at the 2 litre
scale. What would be the productivity at 20,000 litre scale if both reactors had a
height-diameter ratio of 2 to 1.
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature.
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector.
6. Discuss about the partial oxidation and its end products with an example.
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples.
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.2
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses.
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment?
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process.
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors.
3. Determine the amount of (NH4)2SO4 to be supplied in a fermentation medium
where the final cell concentration is 30 gm/lit in a 1000 lit culture volume. Assume
that cells are 12% Nitrogen by weight and (NH4)2SO4 is the only Nitrogen source.
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process.
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling.
5. Discuss the concept of Elemental Balances with example using simplified biological
conversion.
6. Briefly discuss the following
(a) Energy capture efficiency
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth kinet-
ics
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.3
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. What do you mean by down stream processes explain with flow chart.
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain ade-
quate temperature control in a fermentor.
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation.
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process.
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination.
5. Determine the rate of oxygen consumption and yield coefficients if rate of growth
at exponential phase is rx = 0.7 gdw/l-h in a batch reactor of 5000 liters volume
with the growth of yeast on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3 O2+0.48NH3−− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 50 gdw/l is required.
6. Given an overview of
(a) Anaerobic and aerobic metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.4
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Draw and Explain a typical fermentation process.
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment?
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process.
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors.
3. Determine the amount of (NH4)2SO4 to be supplied in a fermentation medium
where the final cell concentration is 30 gm/lit in a 1000 lit culture volume. Assume
that cells are 12% Nitrogen by weight and (NH4)2SO4 is the only Nitrogen source.
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process.
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling.
5. Determine coefficients a, b, c and d (where RQ=0.66) along with the biomass yield
coefficient and oxygen yield coefficient for aerobic degradation of benzoic acid by a
mixed culture of microorganisms as represented by the following overall reaction
C6H5COOH + aO2+bNH3−− ! cC5H7NO2+dH2O + eCO2
6. Given an overview of
(a) Anaerobic and aerobic metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
7. Briefly explain the following
(a) Steady-sate biomass concentration
(b) Specific rate of the oxygen consumption
8. Give a short notes on the product kinetics of
(a) Growth associated (primary)
(b) Non-growth associated (secondary)
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Discuss in detail about various microorganisms used as biopesticides
2. After a batch fermentation, the system is dismantled and approximately 75% of
the cell mass is suspended in the liquid phase (2 litre), while 25% is attached
to the reactor walls and internals as a thick film. Work with radioactive tracers
shows that 50% of the target product (intracellular) is associated with each cell
fraction. The productivity of this reaction is 2 gm product per litre at the 2 litre
scale. What would be the productivity at 20,000 litre scale if both reactors had a
height-diameter ratio of 2 to 1.
3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature.
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector.
6. Discuss about the partial oxidation and its end products with an example.
7. (a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos cul-
tures
(b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples.
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.2
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Mention about the Regulatory constraints of bioprocesses.
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment?
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process.
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors.
3. Determine the amount of (NH4)2SO4 to be supplied in a fermentation medium
where the final cell concentration is 30 gm/lit in a 1000 lit culture volume. Assume
that cells are 12% Nitrogen by weight and (NH4)2SO4 is the only Nitrogen source.
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process.
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling.
5. Discuss the concept of Elemental Balances with example using simplified biological
conversion.
6. Briefly discuss the following
(a) Energy capture efficiency
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth kinet-
ics
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.3
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. What do you mean by down stream processes explain with flow chart.
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain ade-
quate temperature control in a fermentor.
3. (a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
(b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation.
4. (a) What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation
process.
(b) Explain the methods to avoid this contamination.
5. Determine the rate of oxygen consumption and yield coefficients if rate of growth
at exponential phase is rx = 0.7 gdw/l-h in a batch reactor of 5000 liters volume
with the growth of yeast on glucose as per the equation given
C6H12O6+3 O2+0.48NH3−− ! 0.48C6H10N03+4.32H2O + 3.12CO2
Final yeast concentration of 50 gdw/l is required.
6. Given an overview of
(a) Anaerobic and aerobic metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
7. (a) Explain the procedure involved in the determination of cell number density
and cell mass concentration
(b) Give a short note on simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth.
8. Explain the difference between:
(a) Competitive and non-competitive product inhibition
(b) Growth and non-growth associated products
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
Code No: RR222302 Set No.4
II B.Tech. II Semester Regular Examinations, April/May -2005
BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
? ? ? ? ?
1. Draw and Explain a typical fermentation process.
2. (a) What is aseptic operation and containment?
(b) Describe a typical aseptic, aerobic fermentation process.
(c) What is sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors.
3. Determine the amount of (NH4)2SO4 to be supplied in a fermentation medium
where the final cell concentration is 30 gm/lit in a 1000 lit culture volume. Assume
that cells are 12% Nitrogen by weight and (NH4)2SO4 is the only Nitrogen source.
4. (a) What are the important information required for the design of batch sterili-
sation process.
(b) Define Del factor. Describe the calculation of Del factor during heating and
cooling.
5. Determine coefficients a, b, c and d (where RQ=0.66) along with the biomass yield
coefficient and oxygen yield coefficient for aerobic degradation of benzoic acid by a
mixed culture of microorganisms as represented by the following overall reaction
C6H5COOH + aO2+bNH3−− ! cC5H7NO2+dH2O + eCO2
6. Given an overview of
(a) Anaerobic and aerobic metabolism
(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures
7. Briefly explain the following
(a) Steady-sate biomass concentration
(b) Specific rate of the oxygen consumption
8. Give a short notes on the product kinetics of
(a) Growth associated (primary)
(b) Non-growth associated (secondary)
? ? ? ? ?
1 of 1
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I-SUPPLY 2K4
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Explain the common features of eucaryotic cell.
b) Describe the organisation and functions of procaryotic cell.
2.a) Explain activated sludge process with the schematic diagram and notations.
b) Describe anaerobic digestion using a flow diagram indicating various stages
and microbes involved in the process.
3. Explain the factors influencing the choice of carbon source.
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical
expression for specific death rate.
5. Discuss the following with examples.
a) Growth yield coefficient
b) Product yield coefficient
6.a) Explain in detail the heat and energy in metabolic reactions.
b) Give a brief note on Crabtree effect.
7. Differentiate pH and redox potential and enumerate the role of pH and redox
potential on the growth kinetics.
8. Describe how the microbial products can be classified along with the
equations.
= + = + =
Set No.
1
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What are enzymes? Briefly describe enzyme nomenclature.
b) Explain the medical and industrial utilization of enzymes giving the list of
industrially important enzymes, their source and application.
2.a) Draw the schematic diagrams of bubble column reactor and air loop reactor
and explain the working and industrial applications.
b) What is meant by fluidisation? Using schematic diagram explain packed bed
and fluidised bed biofilm reactors?
3.a) Describe the use of antifoam in industrial fermentation indicating the
principle.
b) Give examples of antifoam agents used in fermentation industry.
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature.
5.a) Explain the available electron balances with appropriate examples.
b) Explain various yield coefficients of biomass and product formation by taking
an example.
6. Explain the following terms
a) Transamination
b) Energy and heat in metabolic reactions
c) Energy capture efficiency.
7.a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos
cultures.
b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth.
8. Describe growth associated product formation with equation.
= + = + =
Set No.
2
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Compare protozoa with algae in terms of their cellular structure and functions.
b) Explain the major biological functions of proteins.
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain
adequate temperature control in a fermentor.
3. What are the factors influencing the choice of nitrogen source?
4. Describe the design features of continuous sterilisation processes.
5.a) Describe the process of product formation with appropriate example.
b) Explain the maintenance coefficient with example.
6. Discuss about the partial oxidation and its end products with an example.
7. Explain the difference between the aerobic and anaerobic growth.
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with
relevant examples.
= + = + =
Set No.
3
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Draw a schematic diagram of continuous rotary vacuum filter and explain the
working principle.
b) Write a note on coagulation and flocculation.
2. Give the material balance in a chemostat with recycle and derive an expression
for the cell concentration in the recycle stream.
3.a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation.
4. Derive the mathematical expression for Nutrient Quality Criterion (Q) in
continuous sterilisation and describe the graphical method to optimise
temperature-time regime.
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and
product formation.
6. Briefly specify major function of the TCA cycle.
7. Explain Monod model application in the bioprocess engineering along with
applications.
8. Describe growth and non-growth associated products formation with
equations.
= + = + =
Set No.
4
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Explain the common features of eucaryotic cell.
b) Describe the organisation and functions of procaryotic cell.
2.a) Explain activated sludge process with the schematic diagram and notations.
b) Describe anaerobic digestion using a flow diagram indicating various stages
and microbes involved in the process.
3. Explain the factors influencing the choice of carbon source.
4. Explain the kinetics of medium sterilisation and obtain a mathematical
expression for specific death rate.
5. Discuss the following with examples.
a) Growth yield coefficient
b) Product yield coefficient
6.a) Explain in detail the heat and energy in metabolic reactions.
b) Give a brief note on Crabtree effect.
7. Differentiate pH and redox potential and enumerate the role of pH and redox
potential on the growth kinetics.
8. Describe how the microbial products can be classified along with the
equations.
= + = + =
Set No.
1
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What are enzymes? Briefly describe enzyme nomenclature.
b) Explain the medical and industrial utilization of enzymes giving the list of
industrially important enzymes, their source and application.
2.a) Draw the schematic diagrams of bubble column reactor and air loop reactor
and explain the working and industrial applications.
b) What is meant by fluidisation? Using schematic diagram explain packed bed
and fluidised bed biofilm reactors?
3.a) Describe the use of antifoam in industrial fermentation indicating the
principle.
b) Give examples of antifoam agents used in fermentation industry.
4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an
expression for heat sterilisation of a pure culture at a constant temperature.
5.a) Explain the available electron balances with appropriate examples.
b) Explain various yield coefficients of biomass and product formation by taking
an example.
6. Explain the following terms
a) Transamination
b) Energy and heat in metabolic reactions
c) Energy capture efficiency.
7.a) Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuos
cultures.
b) Explain the kinetics of microbial growth.
8. Describe growth associated product formation with equation.
= + = + =
Set No.
2
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Compare protozoa with algae in terms of their cellular structure and functions.
b) Explain the major biological functions of proteins.
2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain
adequate temperature control in a fermentor.
3. What are the factors influencing the choice of nitrogen source?
4. Describe the design features of continuous sterilisation processes.
5.a) Describe the process of product formation with appropriate example.
b) Explain the maintenance coefficient with example.
6. Discuss about the partial oxidation and its end products with an example.
7. Explain the difference between the aerobic and anaerobic growth.
8. Give brief notes on structured models for growth and product formation with
relevant examples.
= + = + =
Set No.
3
Code No: RR-222302
II B.Tech. II-Semester Supplementary Examinations, Nov/Dec-2004
BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Draw a schematic diagram of continuous rotary vacuum filter and explain the
working principle.
b) Write a note on coagulation and flocculation.
2. Give the material balance in a chemostat with recycle and derive an expression
for the cell concentration in the recycle stream.
3.a) Explain the use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.
b) Describe the use of buffers for media preparation in fermentation.
4. Derive the mathematical expression for Nutrient Quality Criterion (Q) in
continuous sterilisation and describe the graphical method to optimise
temperature-time regime.
5. Enumerate the difference between the stoichiometry of cell growth and
product formation.
6. Briefly specify major function of the TCA cycle.
7. Explain Monod model application in the bioprocess engineering along with
applications.
8. Describe growth and non-growth associated products formation with
equations.
= + = + =
Set No.
4
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I-REG 2K4
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What is chromatography? Explain the important chromatographic methods.
b) Draw the schematic diagram of a typical chromatography column and explain the
working principle giving the general material balance.
2.a) What is Baker’s yeast? Explain briefly the process for producing Baker’s yeast.
b) What is High-Fructose Corn syrup? What are the commercial uses? Describe the
process for producing high-fructose corn syrup.
3. Explain the important points to be considered for medium formulation.
4. What is meant by filter sterilization? Explain its application in media sterilization.
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector.
6. Explain the transfer of bioenery via ATP.
7. Enumerate various environmental conditions that effect the growth kinetics.
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples.
^^^
Set No:
1
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What are the important parameters to be considered for selecting a solvent in
liquid-liquid extraction for inhibitory products?
b) Draw the flow diagram and write the material balance of a single stage extraction
system and derive an expression for extraction factor.
2.a) What are the commercial uses of acetone and butanol? Name the species and
substrates used for acetone-butanol production.
b) Draw the flow diagram for the process for acetone-butanol production. Name the
other fermentation products, and micronutrients used in the process.
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial
fermentation.
4. Describe the methods for sterilizing air in aerobic fermentors.
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product
formation.
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics.
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth
kinetics.
8. Briefly discuss about the structured models for product formation and compare
with growth.
^^^
Set No:
2
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Explain aqueous two phase extraction and its application in product recovery.
Give examples.
b) Describe adsorption giving the schematic flow diagram and explain the industrial
application.
2.a) Describe the process for ethanol production explaining the stoichiometry, names
of organisms, substrates, and process conditions.
b) Discuss the commercial uses of ethanol.
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.
4.a) Describe the methods for sterilizing fermenters.
b) Explain the methods of sterilizing variety of additives administered during the
process of fermentation.
5. Discuss in detail the stoichiometry of the product formation with an example.
6. What are the major steps in aerobic metabolism of hydrocarbons? What are the
end products?
7. Explain specific growth rate with relevant equations.
8. Enumerate difference between growth and non-growth associated product
kinetics.
^^^
Set No:
3
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Draw a generalized flow sheet for fermentation process indicating the important
upstream and downstream sections.
b) Describe the factors for the cost analysis of a industrial fermentation process.
2.a) Describe the status and details of animal cell culture, the medium compositions,
process conditions, contaminants, and major products involved.
b) What is meant by plant tissue culture? Explain the commercial importance of
plant tissue culture giving examples of major products.
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation.
4. An autoclave malfunctions, and the temperature reaches only 119.5 oC. The
sterilization time at the maximum temperature was 20 minutes. The jar contains
10 litre of complex medium that has 105 spores/lit. At 121 oC specific death rate
(kd) = 1.0 min-1 and activation energy for the death (E0d) = 90 kcals/g-mol. What
is the probability that the medium was sterile?
5. Enumerate the elemental material balance growth with an example.
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on
energetics.
7. Discuss in detail the kinetics of microbial growth and substrate consumption.
8. Critically evaluate the application of Leudejking-Piret model in bioprocess
engineering.
^^^
Set No:
4
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What is chromatography? Explain the important chromatographic methods.
b) Draw the schematic diagram of a typical chromatography column and explain the
working principle giving the general material balance.
2.a) What is Baker’s yeast? Explain briefly the process for producing Baker’s yeast.
b) What is High-Fructose Corn syrup? What are the commercial uses? Describe the
process for producing high-fructose corn syrup.
3. Explain the important points to be considered for medium formulation.
4. What is meant by filter sterilization? Explain its application in media sterilization.
5. Explain the concept of Degree of Reduction and its application in proton-electron
balance in biorector.
6. Explain the transfer of bioenery via ATP.
7. Enumerate various environmental conditions that effect the growth kinetics.
8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with
appropriate examples.
^^^
Set No:
1
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) What are the important parameters to be considered for selecting a solvent in
liquid-liquid extraction for inhibitory products?
b) Draw the flow diagram and write the material balance of a single stage extraction
system and derive an expression for extraction factor.
2.a) What are the commercial uses of acetone and butanol? Name the species and
substrates used for acetone-butanol production.
b) Draw the flow diagram for the process for acetone-butanol production. Name the
other fermentation products, and micronutrients used in the process.
3. Give the composition of four industrially important media used in industrial
fermentation.
4. Describe the methods for sterilizing air in aerobic fermentors.
5. Explain in detail the stoichiometry involved in the cell growth and product
formation.
6. Enumerate the aerobic catabolism of glucose with emphasis on energetics.
7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that affect the growth
kinetics.
8. Briefly discuss about the structured models for product formation and compare
with growth.
^^^
Set No:
2
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Explain aqueous two phase extraction and its application in product recovery.
Give examples.
b) Describe adsorption giving the schematic flow diagram and explain the industrial
application.
2.a) Describe the process for ethanol production explaining the stoichiometry, names
of organisms, substrates, and process conditions.
b) Discuss the commercial uses of ethanol.
3. Describe the use of precursors and metabolic regulators in media preparation.
4.a) Describe the methods for sterilizing fermenters.
b) Explain the methods of sterilizing variety of additives administered during the
process of fermentation.
5. Discuss in detail the stoichiometry of the product formation with an example.
6. What are the major steps in aerobic metabolism of hydrocarbons? What are the
end products?
7. Explain specific growth rate with relevant equations.
8. Enumerate difference between growth and non-growth associated product
kinetics.
^^^
Set No:
3
Code No: RR-222302
II-B.Tech. II-Semester Regular Examinations, April/May-2004
BIO-PROCESS ENGINEERING-I
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1.a) Draw a generalized flow sheet for fermentation process indicating the important
upstream and downstream sections.
b) Describe the factors for the cost analysis of a industrial fermentation process.
2.a) Describe the status and details of animal cell culture, the medium compositions,
process conditions, contaminants, and major products involved.
b) What is meant by plant tissue culture? Explain the commercial importance of
plant tissue culture giving examples of major products.
3. Describe in detail the theory of oxygen requirement and supply in industrial
fermentation.
4. An autoclave malfunctions, and the temperature reaches only 119.5 oC. The
sterilization time at the maximum temperature was 20 minutes. The jar contains
10 litre of complex medium that has 105 spores/lit. At 121 oC specific death rate
(kd) = 1.0 min-1 and activation energy for the death (E0d) = 90 kcals/g-mol. What
is the probability that the medium was sterile?
5. Enumerate the elemental material balance growth with an example.
6. Differentiate the heterotrophic and autotrophic metabolism emphasis on
energetics.
7. Discuss in detail the kinetics of microbial growth and substrate consumption.
8. Critically evaluate the application of Leudejking-Piret model in bioprocess
engineering.
^^^
Set No:
4
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